F-GAS REGULATION

Legislative Framework

The revised F-Gas Regulation (EU 2024/573), effective since 11 March 2024, is a key part of the EU’s efforts to reduce hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and other fluorinated greenhouse gases with high Global Warming Potential (GWP). It aligns with the EU’s Green Deal and Fit for 55 package to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 and contribute to 55% emission reductions by 2030.

 

 

New F-Gas Regulation

Key Legislative Developments

  1. Initial Proposal (April 2022):
    The Commission proposed to amend Regulation (EU) No 517/2014, introducing more stringent measures for HFC phase-down. This included expanding the quota system and introducing bans in sectors where alternative technologies with lower GWP are available, particularly for refrigeration and heat pumps.
  2. Parliament and Council Positions (March-April 2023):
    • European Parliament: On 30 March 2023, MEPs called for faster HFC reductions, particularly in sectors like heat pumps, where alternatives exist. They also proposed a ban on F-gases in new products where alternatives are both feasible and available.
    • European Council: On 5 April 2023, the Council agreed to amend the phase-down schedule while lowering the HFC quota price from €3 to €2 per tCO2e.
  3. Provisional Agreement (October 2023):
    A provisional agreement reached on 5 October 2023 sets a complete HFC phase-out by 2050 and a 15% production cap by 2036. The agreement also strengthens the quota system to reduce illegal F-gas trade and extends its application to more sectors, such as metered dose inhalers.
  4. Final Adoption (January 2024):
    The regulation was endorsed by the European Parliament on 16 January 2024, followed by the European Council on 29 January 2024.

Key Provisions

  • HFC Phase-Down:
    By 2036, HFC production must be reduced to 15% of the 2011-2013 average, aiming for a complete phase-out by 2050.
  • Digital Monitoring and Quotas:
    New digital tools are being implemented to combat illegal trade in F-gases, improving transparency and monitoring. This includes a more robust quota allocation system for sectors like medical applications and refrigeration.
  • Building Renovations and Recovered F-Gases:
    The regulation mandates measures to prevent F-gas emissions in building renovations starting from January 1, 2024. It also bans the use of recovered F-gases unless they are recycled or reclaimed.
  • Technological Requirements:
    Strict new guidelines regulate the recycling, recovery, and destruction of F-gases. Training programs have been introduced to ensure professionals are certified and understand alternative technologies with lower environmental impacts.

P-FAS Restrictions Under REACH

A crucial aspect of the broader legislative framework includes the EU’s approach to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (P-FAS) under the REACH Regulation. P-FAS chemicals, known for their persistence in the environment, are being targeted by new restrictions due to their significant environmental and health risks.

  • In November 2023, the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) issued advice on the enforceability of P-FAS restrictions, underlining their critical role in addressing the environmental footprint of these substances.
  • The new measures aim to minimize P-FAS emissions and ensure proper handling, storage, and disposal of products containing these harmful chemicals.

Sustainability and Climate Goals:

This regulation plays a central role in helping the EU meet its 2030 and 2050 climate targets, focusing on greenhouse gas reductions from F-gases and P-FAS substances. By banning harmful substances and encouraging alternative technologies, the EU aims to significantly reduce emissions across multiple sectors.

Timeline

  • 5 April 2022: Commission proposes the revision.
  • March-April 2023: European Parliament and Council adopt positions.
  • October 2023: Parliament and Council reach a provisional agreement.
  • January 2024: Formal adoption of the regulation.
  • 11 March 2024: Regulation enters into force.

Overview

The F-Gas Regulation is a key instrument in reducing the environmental impact of fluorinated gases, aligning with the EU’s broader climate neutrality goals. By strengthening enforcement, expanding the quota system, and implementing P-FAS restrictions, the EU continues to lead in global climate action.

For further details, visit the European Parliament Procedure File and the European Green Deal Legislative Train.

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