AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DIRECTIVE (AAQD)

Legislative Framework

The Ambient Air Quality Directive (AAQD) is a key component of the EU's European Green Deal. On 30 October 2022, the Commission proposed an update to the AAQD, aligning EU standards with the 2021 WHO air quality guidelines. The revised directive aims to establish stricter binding pollutant limits for PM2.5, NO2, and O3 by 2030, with the goal of achieving zero pollution by 2050.

Key Provisions of the Revised AAQD

Key Provisions of the Revised AAQD

  • Stricter Pollutant Limits:
    • The annual limit for PM2.5 will be reduced from 25 µg/m³ to 10 µg/m³ by 2030, in line with WHO recommendations. Similarly, the annual limit for NO2 will decrease from 40 µg/m³ to 20 µg/m³.
  • Continuous Scientific Review:
    • Regular updates based on the latest scientific research will ensure that the directive remains aligned with evolving evidence on air pollution's health impacts.
  • Monitoring and Reporting:
    • Enhanced monitoring networks and real-time data via tools like Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) are required. Member States must implement air quality plans if limits are exceeded and must present roadmaps for compliance.
  • Citizen Legal Rights:
    • For the first time, the directive allows citizens to seek legal compensation if their health is harmed by poor air quality due to non-compliance.
  • Flexibility for Member States:
    • Extensions of up to 10 years are allowed for countries with specific geographical or economic challenges, provided strong evidence is presented.
Legislative Timeline

Legislative Timeline

  • October 2022: Commission proposes revised AAQD.
  • September 2023: Parliament adopts its position, supporting stricter pollutant limits.
  • November 2023: Council approves its negotiating mandate.
  • February 2024: Provisional agreement between Parliament and Council.
  • April 2024: Parliament formally adopts the revised AAQD, completing the legislative process.

These stricter limits and enhanced measures aim to reduce premature deaths related to air pollution by 75% by 2030, further contributing to the EU's 2050 zero pollution objective.

The directive's enforcement ensures improved air quality, enhanced monitoring, and legal protection for citizens.

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